Shikari (Q-AFA) Filgrastim Quantitativer ELISA-Kit

The Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) is a widely used analytical immunochemistry assay based on the specific binding between the antigen and the antibody. The application of this test has significantly changed the practice of medical laboratories, where it is used to detect and quantify molecules such as hormones, peptides, antibodies and proteins. Various technical variants of this test can detect antigen (native or foreign) or antibodies that determine the intensity of the immune response, whether pathological or not; the type of immune response induced as well as the innate immunity potential; and much more.

These capabilities, along with the test’s high sensitivity and robustness, and low price allow it to diagnose diseases quickly and reliably in most laboratories. Besides, ELISA is a test that is also used in veterinary medicine, toxicology, allergology, food industry, etc. Despite the fact that it has been around for almost 50 years, different ELISA tests are still being developed with different technical solutions that improve and expand the application possibilities of this exceptional test. The goal of this chapter is to enable the driver to optimize, standardize and validate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

 introduction

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) has been around for 50 years and ELISAs with different technical solutions are still being developed, improving and expanding the scope.

The test was first described by Engvall and Perlmann in 1971 and was based on the work of Avrameas who used enzyme-linked antibodies in histochemistry. The method was quickly developed for the serodiagnosis of trichinosis and antibodies against   Plasmodium vivax  and   P. falciparum to be used in epidemiological studies of malaria.

  • Since its discovery, there have been numerous applications of ELISA, used to detect both antigens and antibodies. In addition to the detection of protein antigens, ELISAs have been optimized that enable the determination of antibodies against native and denatured DNA, polysaccharide antigens and phospholipids.
  • In fact, the name  ELISA is sometimes used for tests that do not have antibodies present, but instead use specific protein-protein interactions. From the point of view of optimization, validation and standardization, such tests can be treated the same. In the case of protein antigens, the sensitivity of the ELISA is usually in the pg/ml range.
  • When developing a diagnostic test, precise and optimal performance conditions must be found for all steps within the test protocol. This ensures that the entire process is optimal. Before it can be used routinely, for example in diagnostics, the newly developed or newly modified method must prove to be accurate, precise and reproducible.
  • In addition, in order to measure the values ​​​​obtained with the test, it is necessary to standardize the test. Therefore, the Optimization, Validation and Standardization (OVS) of ELISA are extremely important and necessary, especially if they are to be used in clinical or veterinary medicine. In this chapter, the procedures that characterize ELISA are presented in a clear and concise manner.
  • When reviewing the literature, we noticed that the described boundaries between optimization, standardization and validation are not clear enough.
  • The reason for this is  that in certain situations performing a single ELISA can lead to a completion of both validation and optimization features,  which is fully valid. Before going into more detail, and to avoid confusion, it is appropriate to clearly define these three terms.

ACCORDING TO THE MERRIAM-WEBSTER DICTIONARY,

Optimization  is:    An action, process, or method to make something such as a design, system, or decision as completely perfect, functional, or effective as possible.“

Validation  is:    an action, process or instance of validation,   in particular  : determining the degree of validity of a measuring device.“

Standardization  is: „to bring into line with a standard, particularly to ensure consistency and regularity… to compare to a standard: to determine the strength, value, or quality of (something) by comparison to a standard.“

ELISA is mostly used to measure the presence or amount of antibodies or antigens or, in general, biomolecules that can be recognized by antibodies. In biological matrices (such as serum, plasma, blood, urine and saliva) ELISA is an important diagnostic tool for the detection of various antigens and antibodies. Indirect or direct ELISAs are used in medical device development, especially for testing vaccines and new drugs. ELISA with specific antibodies can be developed to measure impurities in the medical devices resulting from the manufacturing process.

Antibody assays against these contaminants should also be developed and validated to test contaminant levels, which should be kept to a minimum to avoid adverse immune responses. The sandwich ELISA is used for immunogenic substances with expected low concentrations such as cytokines, hormones, toxins, etc.

Shikari (Q-AFA) Filgrastim Quantitative ELISA kit

FIL-QNS-FIL Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1217.4 EUR

Shikari (Q-ATI) Infliximab (Remicade) Quantitative ELISA kit

INF-QNS-REMI Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (Q-ATI) Infliximab (Remicade) Qualitative ELISA kit

INF-QLS-REMI Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (S-ATB) Bevacizumab (Avastin) Quantitative ELISA kit

BEV-QNS-AVA Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATC) Cetuximab (Erbitux) Quantitative ELISA kit

CET-QNS-ERB Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATA) Adalimumab (Humira) Quantitative ELISA kit

ADA-QNS-HUM Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-AIR) Infliximab (Remsima) Quantitative ELISA kit

INF-QNS-REMS Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (Q-ABA) Abatacept (Orencia)Free drug ELISA kit

ABA-FD-ORE Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-AF) Aflibercept (Eylea)Free drug ELISA kit

AFL-FD-EYL Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-BEVA) Bevacizumab (Avastin)Free drug ELISA kit

BEV-FD-AVA Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (Q-ATE) Atezolizumab (Tecentriq)Free drug ELISA kit

ATE-FD-TEC Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-AVE) Avelumab (Bavencio)Free drug ELISA kit

AVE-FD-BAV Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-CERT) Certolizumab (Cimzia)Free drug ELISA kit

CER-FD-CIM Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (Q-CET) Cetuximab (Erbitux)Free drug ELISA kit

CET-FD-ERB Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (Q-DAR) Daratumumab (Darzalex)Free drug ELISA kit

DAR-FD-DAR Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-DEN) Denosumab (Prolia)Free drug ELISA kit

DEN-FD-PRO Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-CAN) Canakinumab (Ilaris)Free drug ELISA kit

CAN-FD-ILA Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-ADA) Adalimumab (Humira)Free drug ELISA kit

ADA-FD-HUM Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (Q-DUR) Durvalumab (Imfinzi)Free drug ELISA kit

DUR-FD-IMF Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-OMA) Omalizumab (Xolair)Free drug ELISA kit

OMA-FD-XOL Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (Q-NIVO) Nivolumab (Opdivo)Free drug ELISA kit

NIV-FD-OPD Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-NAT) Natalizumab (Tysabri)Free drug ELISA kit

NAT-FD-TYS Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-GOL) Golimumab (Simponi)Free drug ELISA kit

GOL-FD-SIM Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (Q-ETA) Etanercept (Enbrel)Free drug ELISA kit

ETA-FD-ENB Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (Q-INFLIXI) Infliximab (Remicade)Free drug ELISA kit

INF-FD-REMI Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (Q-REMS) Infliximab (Remsima)Free drug ELISA kit

INF-FD-REMS Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (Q-IPI) Ipilimumab (Yervoy)Free drug ELISA kit

IPI-FD-YER Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-PEM) Pembrolizumab (Keytruda)Free drug ELISA kit

PEM-FD-KEY Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-RAN) Ranibizumab (Lucentis)Free drug ELISA kit

RAN-FD-LUC Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-TOC) Tocilizumab (Actemra)Free drug ELISA kit

TOC-FD-ACT Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-UST) Ustekinumab (Stelara)Free drug ELISA kit

UST-FD-STE Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-VEDO) Vedolizumab (Entyvio)Free drug ELISA kit

VED-FD-ENT Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (Q-RAM) Ramucirumab (Cyramza)Free drug ELISA kit

RAM-FD-CYR Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (S-ATR) Trastuzumab (Herceptin, Herclon) Quantitative ELISA kit

TRA-QLS-HH Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATR) Rituximab (Rituxan, Mabthera) Quantitative ELISA kit

RIT-QNS-RM Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (Q-ATIDUO) Infliximab (Remicade) Free/Total semiquantitative ELISA kit

INF-QNFT-REMI Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (Q-TRAS) Trastuzumab (Herceptin, Herclon)Free drug ELISA kit

TRA-FD-HH Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (Q-RITUX) Rituximab (Rituxan, Mabthera)Free drug ELISA kit

RIT-FD-RM Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Filgrastim (rHuG-CSF)

rHuG-CSF Amyotop 300µg/vial 270 EUR

Rabbit AFA ELISA Kit

ERTA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Rat AFA ELISA Kit

ERA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Mouse AFA ELISA Kit

EMA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Monkey AFA ELISA Kit

EMKA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Porcine AFA ELISA Kit

EPA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Human AFA ELISA Kit

EHA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Goat AFA ELISA Kit

EGTA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Canine AFA ELISA Kit

ECA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Chicken AFA ELISA Kit

ECKA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Anserini AFA ELISA Kit

EAA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Bovine AFA ELISA Kit

EBA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Sheep AFA ELISA Kit

ESA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

BioSim? anti-Filgrastim (Neupogen®) (Human) ELISA Kit

E4399-100 Biovision each 2082 EUR

Guinea Pig AFA ELISA Kit

EGA0435 Abclonal 96Tests 625.2 EUR

Custom Antibody titration by ELISA up to 2 rabbits and 1 bleed

ELISA-1 Alpha Diagnostics 1 242.4 EUR

Human Anti-Filaggrin Antibody (AFA) ELISA Kit

abx053209-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 943.2 EUR

Monkey Anti-Filaggrin Antibody (AFA) ELISA Kit

abx359742-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 990 EUR

Rabbit Anti-Filaggrin Antibody (AFA) ELISA Kit

abx362441-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 990 EUR

Sheep Anti-Filaggrin Antibody (AFA) ELISA Kit

abx364233-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 1111.2 EUR

Pig Anti-Filaggrin Antibody (AFA) ELISA Kit

abx361458-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 990 EUR

Human Anti-Filaggrin Antibody (AFA) ELISA Kit

abx351230-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 943.2 EUR

Chicken Anti-Filaggrin Antibody (AFA) ELISA Kit

abx356311-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 990 EUR

Human anti-filaggrin antibody,AFA ELISA KIT

201-12-2097 SunredBio 96 tests 528 EUR

Human anti-filaggrin antibody, AFA ELISA Kit

CSB-E09079h-24T Cusabio 1 plate of 24 wells 198 EUR

Human anti-filaggrin antibody, AFA ELISA Kit

1-CSB-E09079h Cusabio
  • 964.80 EUR
  • 6118.80 EUR
  • 3244.80 EUR
  • 1 plate of 96 wells
  • 10 plates of 96 wells each
  • 5 plates of 96 wells each

Human anti-filaggrin antibody,AFA ELISA Kit

CN-04352H1 ChemNorm 96T 571.2 EUR

Human anti-filaggrin antibody,AFA ELISA Kit

CN-04352H2 ChemNorm 48T 391.2 EUR

Rat anti-filaggrin antibody(AFA)ELISA Kit

GA-E0834RT-48T GenAsia Biotech 48T 380.4 EUR

Rat anti-filaggrin antibody(AFA)ELISA Kit

GA-E0834RT-96T GenAsia Biotech 96T 595.2 EUR

Human anti-filaggrin antibody(AFA)ELISA Kit

QY-E02547 Qayee Biotechnology 96T 433.2 EUR

Rat anti-filaggrin antibody(AFA)ELISA Kit

QY-E10818 Qayee Biotechnology 96T 433.2 EUR

Mouse anti-filaggrin antibody(AFA)ELISA Kit

QY-E20121 Qayee Biotechnology 96T 433.2 EUR

Human anti-filaggrin antibody,AFA ELISA KIT

YLA1906HU-48T Shanghai YL Biotech 48T 435 EUR

Human anti-filaggrin antibody,AFA ELISA KIT

YLA1906HU-96T Shanghai YL Biotech 96T 562.5 EUR

Shikari (S-ATAB) Abatacept (Orencia) Qualitative ELISA kit

ABA-QLS-ORE Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATAF) Aflibercept (Eylea) Qualitative ELISA kit

AFL-QLS-EYL Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATB) Bevacizumab (Avastin) Qualitative ELISA kit

BEV-QLS-AVA Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (S-ATAT) Atezolizumab (Tecentriq) Qualitative ELISA kit

ATE-QLS-TEC Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATAV) Avelumab (Bavencio) Qualitative ELISA kit

AVE-QLS-BAV Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATC) Cetuximab (Erbitux) Qualitative ELISA kit

CET-QLS-ERB Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (S-ATDAR) Daratumumab (Darzalex) Qualitative ELISA kit

DAR-QLS-DAR Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATD) Denosumab (Prolia) Qualitative ELISA kit

DEN-QLS-PRO Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATCAN) Canakinumab (Ilaris) Qualitative ELISA kit

CAN-QLS-ILA Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATA) Adalimumab (Humira) Qualitative ELISA kit

ADA-QLS-HUM Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (S-ATDUR) Durvalumab (Imfinzi) Qualitative ELISA kit

DUR-QLS-IMF Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATO) Omalizumab (Xolair) Qualitative ELISA kit

OMA-QLS-XOL Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (S-ATN) Nivolumab (Opdivo) Qualitative ELISA kit

NIV-QLS-OPD Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATNAT) Natalizumab (Tysabri) Qualitative ELISA kit

NAT-QLS-TYS Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATG) Golimumab (Simponi) Qualitative ELISA kit

GOL-QLS-SIM Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (S-ATE) Etanercept (Enbrel) Qualitative ELISA kit

ETA-QLS-ENB Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-AIR) Infliximab (Remsima) Qualitative ELISA kit

INF-QLS-REMS Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 971.7 EUR

Shikari (S-ATI) Ipilimumab (Yervoy) Qualitative ELISA kit

IPI-QLS-YER Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATP) Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) Qualitative ELISA kit

PEM-QLS-KEY Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATRAM) Ramucirumab (Cyramza) Qualitative ELISA kit

RAM-QLS-CYR Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATOC) Tocilizumab (Actemra) Qualitative ELISA kit

TOC-QLS-ACT Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 999 EUR

Shikari (S-ATU) Ustekinumab (Stelara) Qualitative ELISA kit

UST-QLS-STE Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Shikari (S-ATV) Vedolizumab (Entyvio) Qualitative ELISA kit

VED-QLS-ENT Matriks Biotek 1x96-wells test plate 1053.6 EUR

Tiamulin ELISA Kit, Quantitative

DEIA036 Creative Diagnostics 96T 1414.8 EUR

hnRNP Q Cell ELISA Kit

abx595670-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 764.4 EUR

Guinea pig Anti-Filaggrin Antibody (AFA) ELISA Kit

abx357337-96tests Abbexa 96 tests 990 EUR

Guinea pig anti-filaggrin antibody, AFA ELISA Kit

CSB-EQ028009GU-24T Cusabio 1 plate of 24 wells 198 EUR

Regardless of the ELISA design (indirect, direct, or sandwich), the OVS principles are the same. Of paramount importance for any bioanalytical method is that it is well characterized, fully validated and documented to a satisfactory standard in order to produce reliable results.

The first step in ELISA development is optimization, followed by standardization and finally validation.

Leave a Comment